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Venn Diagram
Jenn Matyasovsky-DRAFT Venn Diagram: Immigration Cartoons Chris Lloyd - Draft Venn Diagram

Combined Venn Diagram - Jenn Matyasovsky and Chris Lloyd - Immigration Cartoons

Resources
"Puck Magazine." []. Accessed January 29, 2012. Lapsansky-Werner, Emma, Peter Levy, et al, and First. //United States History//. Bostin: Prentice Hall, 2010.

Here is another resource that I used to find out more info on Puck Magazine (Chris): []

"Puck", []. Retrieved on February 1, 2012. //United States Senate, Art & History.//

Work Area
Hi Chris! I started to do a little bit of research about the immigration cartoons. First, I wanted to know a little bit more about the source, //Puck//, that all of these cartoons are from. Here is what I found:

Puck is the name of an magazine established in 1876 and ran, under various ownership and leadership until 1917. The magazine addressed many of the major political and social issues of the time and featured a great deal of political cartoons.

First, the title implies that ANYONE and EVERYONE are welcome in America. People of all walks and social classes, examples –lady in a maid suit, laundress, wealthy couple (dress and top hat), and a man in Asian attire and hat are included in the line going up to the boat. While they are all waiting in line, there is no evidence that any of those people will be turned away. Uncle Sam-a symbol of America- stands at the boat door with his arms outstretched welcoming all of the passengers. Likewise the American flag is blowing proudly in the breeze in the background. The Sign which reads “No Oppressive Taxes, No Expensive Kings, No Compulsory Military Service, and No Knouts or Dungeon,” is a direct reference to the many reasons why the American colonies rebelled against British rule and fought for their independence. In pleasant contrast to this sign, the other sign tacked on the boat reads “Free Education, Free Land, Free Speech, Free Lunch,” which are the foundations of our Bill of Rights and provide hope for all of the wonderful things that immigrants can hope to enjoy in the United States. The title of the boat, The US Arm of Refuge, depicts America as a place of safety and protection for those fleeing other lands. Another reason, historically, that many people immigrated was war, and the dark storm clouds (with scary looking men) in the upper right hand corner represent war. I am not sure if the figures in the clouds are to represent something more specific than war or not? The darkness they create in the background seems to be pushing the people towards the boat and towards a better and brighter future in America. America is a beacon of hope to immigrants and open to all who wish to come here. Overall, this cartoon is a positive and encouraging view of immigrants coming to America. Welcome to all who want to come! What do you think? -Jenn (1/30/1)
 * Immigration Photo # 1 ** : Here are my observations one of the immigration cartoons included in Module 3. The first is from an 1880 edition of Puck magazine and is titled: "**Welcome to All**."

Hey Jen!! Here is my observation of the first photo - My first impression after looking at the photo is that "Uncle Sam" (the United States) is welcoming all types of people from different backgrounds. He is welcoming them with open arms and the sign to the right of the US flag is advertising that the people will not have to do those things like they would if they stayed in England. This attracted all types of people to America. You can see the first couple going up the ramp seem to be upper class just by the way they are dressed. They are followed by people who are probably in the lower classes and people who are different nationalities (just by looking at their clothes and shoes). They are all freely coming aboard "America's" ship to get away from the "evil" England and worse situations in their homeland. You can see the dark ghost-like people in the clouds who are mean looking and are portrayed to be the bad guys. The word War is written in the clouds as well. I am not sure if the dark figures are suppose to represent war or the bad situation(s) in the peoples' country. This picture is an invitation to come to America where your life will be better. The "welcome to all" symbolizes the fact that this is how our country was created. People from different countries and backgrounds came to America and got their freedom from England and other countries that controlled them. The sign to the left of uncle Sam is just another advertisement about what the people will receive (for free) by coming to America. Imigrants from all of the world heard about these promises and migrated to the United States to experience these ideas and ways of the new country and to better their lives and to create opportunities for themselves. (Chris 2/1)
 * Imigration Photo #1: **

I had to really think about the date of this cartoon and what was going on as far as U.S. involvement in 1907. I used the history textbook for my class to refresh my memory of U.S.-Japanese relations in 1907 and here are the connections I was able to make. After the Japanese success at the conclusion of the Russo-Japanese War, Japan was looking for recognition and respect that they believed they deserved from other nations, including the United States. There were growing tensions between the U.S. and Japan, both growing industrial and military powers in the early 20th century. In order to avoid a direct conflict and ease those tensions, the leaders of Japan and the United States agreed to what became known as the "Gentlemen’s Agreement." The stipulations (in short) were that the U.S. would not restrict Japanese immigration to America, and would permit Japanese-Americans children to attend public schools. This was specifically a problem in California, where Japanese children were being denied access to public schools. In return, Japan would not issue any more passports to Japanese people for immigration to America, thus preventing further Japanese settlement in America. This cartoon from //Puck//, 1907, was issued the same year that the Gentlemen’s Agreement was adopted. Therefore, I believe the cartoon is depicting this change in immigration practices to America and the limitations now placed on allowing Japanese immigrants into the U.S. The "inspector" has his hands out in a stopping motion in front of a large group of people, all who look very different. There are hints of Asian culture, such as the shoes, hats, and an umbrella in the background. The caption of the cartoons reads, "Perhaps if they came in kimonos, the real undesirables might be kept out." I think the cartoonist is saying that if all the Japanese immigrants wore the traditional Japanese attire, that it would be easier for the immigration officers, etc. to identify them and therefore not allow them to enter the U.S. I believe this cartoon is a direct reference to the changes in policy from the Gentlemen's Agreement. What do you think? This cartoon was much more difficult for me to understand and analyze than the first one! -Thanks, Jenn (1/30/12)
 * Immigration Photo #2: ** Here are my observations for another of the immigration cartoons included in Module 3. It is from a 1907 edition of Puck magazine and it titled: "**Japanese Exclusion**."

Thanks for the short history lesson!! I wasn't sure about all of the facts that you discussed. This cartoon depicts the Japanese people trying to enter America. They all look very poor and suppressed. The guard on the right side of the cartoon is stopping them from entering the country and they may look sad due to the fact that they now have nowhere to go. You can see the ship in the background is leaving and heading away from shore, so the people can not just turn around and go back to Japan. The people have very odd and sad looks on their faces like they don't understand why they are being stopped or maybe they don't understand the language the guard is speaking. I believe they were made to live in certain parts of the country or was that at a different time in our history? I agree. This one is more difficult to analyze and I would probably just be guessing about the Japanese immigration agreement and law that changed if you had not written about it - thanks! Chris (2/1)
 * Immigration Photo #2: **

Hello again Chris, I am going to start a draft of the Venn Diagram and note some of the similarities and differences that I mentioned above. I will upload the draft to here when I am finished. If you want to take a look then and share thoughts and ideas, we can work towards creating a final draft together. -Thanks! -Jenn (2/1/12)

Sorry about the delay, My week has been crazy so far. I have also started the Venn Diagram and I can post it as well then we can combine our two drafts to make a final draft - Thanks - Chris (2/1/12).

Hi Chris- I just attached my draft of the Ven Diagram comparing and contrasting the two immigration photographs. Thanks!-Jenn (2/2/12)

Jen - Just put my Venn Diagram up as well - I can combine the two and post our "final" observations. Is that okay with you? -Chris (2/2)

Chris-That sounds great, I will be happy to look over what you have then. If you have any questions or need any help along the way, just let me know! Thanks!- Jenn (2/3/12)

Combined document is up. -Chris (2/5)

It looks great Chris-thank you for completing the final draft for us!

Overall, it seems that we had very similar experiences when comparing and contrasting these two immigration cartoons. The first one was much easier for us to understand and interpret and we were both able to make connections and recognize the symbolism (Uncle Sam, reference to British rule, war) in the cartoon. We agreed that the cartoon potrayed a positive view of immigration to America and encouraged the idea of immigrant coming to start a new life in the United States. The second cartoon was more difficult for both of us to understand and required more research and extending our background knowledge. We concluded that this cartoon has a more negative view of immigration to America and focused on a the results of a specific event or "agreement" between Japan and the United States in 1907. -(Jenn 2/5/12) Very good teamwork Jenn and Chris over the course of this assignment. The two of you worked well together in completing a final draft of the Venn Diagram. The idea of posting each of your own and then discussing it was a great way to examine each other's view points about these resources. This allowed for a final product that included both viewpoints along with new ones from your detailed collaboration. This detailed collaboration was evidenced in the communications posted above with strong documentation. Thanks for you hard work and effort on this assignment. Well done. Chris.